Complete Guide to the Oncology Nurse Practitioner (ONP) Specialty
Definition: What Is an Oncology Nurse Practitioner?
An Oncology Nurse Practitioner (ONP) is an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) who specializes in providing comprehensive care to patients with any type or stage of cancer. ONPs play a crucial role in the management and treatment of cancer patients throughout their journey, from diagnosis and treatment planning to survivorship and, in some cases, end-of-life care. They work collaboratively with oncologists, other healthcare professionals, and patients to deliver holistic care that addresses the physical, emotional, and psychological needs of individuals and their families.
Scope of Practice
The scope of practice for oncology nurse practitioners is diverse and spans various stages of cancer care. ONPs are skilled in:
- Conducting patient assessments
- Interpreting diagnostic tests
- Participating in treatment planning discussions
- Providing education about cancer diagnoses and treatment options, and potential side effects
- Administering various cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy
- Assisting with symptom management
- Monitoring for disease progression and treatment response
- Providing emotional support to patients and their families
Skills & Abilities
Oncology nurse practitioners possess a unique skill set tailored to the complexities of cancer care. They excel in conducting comprehensive patient assessments, recognizing subtle changes in symptoms, and coordinating multidisciplinary care teams. ONPs are proficient in explaining treatment options and potential side effects and providing patients with the information they need to make informed decisions. They also help patients mitigate treatment side effects. Their compassionate communication skills are crucial in supporting patients and their families throughout their cancer journey.
Oncology Nurse Practitioner Certification & Subspecialties
To become a certified oncology nurse practitioner (ONP), individuals typically need to complete a Master’s or doctoral-level nursing program with a specialization in oncology. After obtaining their advanced degree, aspiring ONPs can seek certification through organizations like the Oncology Nursing Certification Corporation (ONCC).
| Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner (AOCNP) | Oncology Certified Nurse (OCN) | |
| Organization | Oncology Nursing Certification Corporation | Oncology Nursing Certification Corporation |
| Cost | $296 for members $416 for nonmembers | $300 for members $420 for nonmembers |
| Number of Questions | 165 | 165 |
| Eligibility Requirements | Current and active RN license in the U.S., its territories or Canada Graduate degree from an accredited nurse practitioner program with a concentration in oncology, adult primary or acute care, family, gerontology, or women's health 500 supervised clinical hours as an adult oncology NP if graduated from an oncology NP program or 1,000 hours of practice if graduated from NP program focused on adult primary or acute care, family across the lifespan, gerontology, or women's health – within the last five years after graduation One graduate-level oncology course of two credits or 30 continuing education hours in oncology within the last five years | Active RN License A minimum of 2,000 hours of adult oncology nursing practice within the four years (48 months) prior to application A minimum of two years (24 months) of experience as an RN within the four years (48 months) prior to application. Completed a minimum of 10 contact hours of nursing continuing education in oncology or an academic elective in oncology nursing within the three years (36 months) prior to application. |
While oncology itself is a specialized field, ONPs may choose to further specialize in more specific areas such as:
- Pediatric oncology
- Adult oncology
- Hematologic malignancies
- Palliative care
Becoming an Oncology Nurse Practitioner
An advanced nursing degree is required as part of the ONP’s nurse practitioner education. This means earning a 2-year Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) or a 4+ year Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) nurse practitioner degree beyond an undergraduate nursing degree. Advanced programs provide specialized knowledge in cancer care principles, advanced assessment techniques, and oncology treatment modalities. Once their degree is earned, graduates can become licensed in their state as nurse practitioners specializing in oncology and seek certification in relevant areas.
Oncology Nurse Practitioner Employment Opportunities
Oncology nurse practitioners find employment opportunities in various healthcare settings focusing on cancer care. These may include:
- Oncology clinics
- Hospitals
- Cancer treatment centers
- Academic medical centers
- Hospice organizations
Oncology Nurse Practitioner Salaries
Salaries for oncology nurse practitioners will fluctuate based on where they live, their experience, what degree level they hold, and where they are employed. As of 2023, the national median annual wage for oncology nurse practitioners was around $131,543. Given the specialized nature of oncology care and the importance of their role in cancer treatment, ONPs may command competitive salaries.